"In 1215, King John signed the Magna Carta, which restricted the power of the ruler. The ‘Great Charter’ survived many difficult times and became an necessary part of English law. Centuries later it formed the basis of the American Bill of Rights of the United States Constitution.

In 1337, the Hundred Years War between England and France began. Although the war is called Hundred Years, it lasted 116 years. It was a dispute over domination in Flanders and southwestern France. The war ended with the English losing all French territory. In 14th century was a big problem with a plague. The plague was a reason why almost half of population died in England during 14th century.
The Wars of the Roses were a series of English civil wars for control of the throne of England. The conflict lasted through many sporadic episodes between 1455 and 1487. Against each other fought two royal houses: the Lancaster house, represented by the red rose, and the York house, represented by the white rose."

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