1.	Pojmy národ a nacionalismus

1.1.	Co oba pojmy reprezentují?

1.2.	Jsme přesvědčeni o tom, že jim rozumíme?

2.	Běžně předkládané teorie

2.1.	První nacionalistické teorie (Ernest Renan)

2.2.	Představitelé moderního nacionalismu

2.2.1.

Ernest Gellner (Národy a nacionalismus)

2.2.2.

Benedict Anderson (Pomyslná společenství)

2.2.3.

Anthony D. Smith (The Nation in History)

3.	Specifické příklady z historie - krátká analýza literárních děl

3.1.	České národní obrození (národ založený na společném jazyku)

3.1.1.

František Ladislav Čelakovský

3.1.2.

Karel Havlíček Borovský

3.1.3.

Josef Václav Sládek

3.2.	Deklarace nezávislosti (národ založený na politickém programu)

"One of the most common words used with no restraint is ‘nation’. At present, the terms such as nations, country, land and state often appear as near-synonyms. They certainly have particular meanings; however, in everyday usage we tend to interchange them and therefore open them to various interpretations. For example, Colin Baker, the British secretary general of the National Federation of SubPostmasters, in one of his proclamations said, "One thing which concerns me is we may get politicians using the post office [issue] as a political football. It could become overtly political rather than overtly in the best interests of the nation.1" The word nation is obviously used to appeal to the citizens and give the speech more emotional touch. Nevertheless, we might see, from this simple example of misuse, that the term ‘nation’ is a highly disputable expression and although it belongs to our standard vocabulary, the defining is undoubtedly an arduous matter. Moreover, nation has been closely connected with another very intricate term; nationalism. However, do we know what both terms represent? How are we supposed to understand them?
Since the 19th century, many philosophers and intellectuals have discussed these two terms and tried to formulate the most accurate definitions. At the beginning, studies of nationalism were mainly focused on historical accounts of nationalist movements. To point out the general thought at that time, we might adduce a French sophist, Ernest Renan (1823 – 1892),
L'homme n'est esclave ni de sa race, ni de sa langue, ni de sa religion, ni du cours des fleuves, ni de la direction des chaînes de montagnes. Une grande agrégation d'hommes, saine d'esprit et chaude de coeur, crée une conscience morale qui s'appelle une nation.2
Renan’s thesis was that people are inclined to create a nation only because they wish to achieve greater things together. In his opinion, nation is a spiritual concept that connects the past and present in order to produce strong bases for people who desire to build their identity.
However, the recent theories have focused on fundamental issues, and above all it has been the question of which came first, nations or nationalism. Many hypotheses have been evolved; nevertheless, it seems that the opinions differ in many ways."

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