1.	The political system in the GB

2.

The queen

3.	The Constitution

4.	Government

5.	The legislative, executive, judicial power

6.	Political parties

7.	The political system in the USA

8.	The Constitution

9.	Government

10.	The legislative, executive, judicial power

11.	Political parties

"The queen
The head of the state is a monarch. Currently Queen Elizabeth II. governs the country, but she doesn´t rule actually (she rules formally). She is also the head of the Church of England and the head of the Commonwealth, where she is represented by the Governor General.
She has a representative function, but also the right to be consulted, the right to encourage and the right to warn. She summons and dissolves the parliament, gives the Royal Assent to the laws and appoints the Prime Minister and peers.
Some of her duties are ceremonial. A major example is the opening of Parliament each year, when she delivers a speech that sets out Government´s plans for the coming year. The speech is prepared by the Government.
She normally sees the PM each week and she also receives copies of important government papers and a summary of debates in Parliament.

In the UK, there is a succession. Queen Elizabeth II. governs the country now and her successor is her oldest son, Charles, Prince of Wales.

The Constitution
Most of the power is given by the constitution, which limits the power of the king or queen. The monarch is impartial and acts on the advice of the Prime minister.
Unlike in most other countries, the Constitution is unwritten and it can be changed by Act of Parliament. It is based on custom, tradition and common law.

Government
The government is formed by the party that has the majority in Parliament. The Queen appoints its leader as Prime Minister. The PM choose the members of the Cabinet.
The second largest party create the Opposition with its own leader and Shadow cabinet. The Opposition has a duty to oppose the government and to present an alternative programme.
The general elections are held every 5 years. Each person 18 years old or older can vote.

The legislative power
The queen is a part of the legislative together with the Parliament.
The British Parliament is one of the oldest in the world. It consists of the House of Commons (Lower House) and the House of Lords (Upper House).
The House of Commons is the most important law-making body in the UK. They come up with all the laws and they start off bill passing. Members of the HoC are known as Members of Parliament (MP). They are elected for a 5-year term. The presiding member of the House of Commons is The Speaker.
The House of Lords consists of hereditary and life peers and peeresses, the two archbishops and 24 most senior bishops, who are the representatives of the Church of England. The HoL revises laws after the HoC and they also work as the supreme court.
A bill must pass through both Houses. Then it becomes the Act of Parliament and it is sent to the Queen for the Royal Assent. After it, it becomes a part of legal order."

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