"1. English language

• is official or dominant language in UK, USA, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and colony(Commonwealth) like Kenya, South Africa, Jamaica, India
• It is the third natively spoken language after Chinese and Spanish with approximately 400-450 million native speakers and all speakers in about 1 billion
• English belongs to the Indo – European language family in the western branch of the Germanic languages.
• Used like lingua franca – international laguage



ENGLISH (analytic language) vs. CZECH (synthetic language)
• No inflections (skoloňování, časování) – grammatical endings (exception verb BE)
–en, –s, - ed, - ing
• Set word order: Subject, Verb, Object, Manner, Place, Time (because no inflection)
• Flexible vocabulary conversion NOUN VERB ADJECTIVE NOUN
(place, love, water) (orange)
• Flexible stress (přízvuk) – in Czech is stress on 1 syllable, in English stress isn’t fix
Record - stress on 1. syllable ->NOUN
stress on 2. Syllable -> VERB
- advertisement x advertisement
- princess x princess
• 1 letter isn’t 1 sound (know, borought)

ENGLISH VARIETIES:

• Irish – rhotic accent Bus /bas/
• Scottish – rhotic accent lock, lassie = girl, lad = boy

• Canadian – on rhotic accent about /abót/
• Australian – non rhotic accent Barbie=barbecue, aussie = Australian, I go /I goij/


4 logan/adapted words:

• Japan – judo, tycoon
• Greece – alphabet, myth
• France – café, restaurant
• Italy – balcony, bank
• Spain – potato, barbecue
• Africa – safari,
• Australia – kangaroo, aborigine
• Czech - robot"